By H.A. Kiehne
ISBN-10: 0824742494
ISBN-13: 9780824742492
The main finished consultant to the elemental theories, thoughts, and methods applied for battery operation and layout. retains experts proficient of the present kingdom of the sphere with new and revised chapters concentrating on the security, functionality, caliber, and enhancement of varied batteries and battery platforms. incorporates a broad rage of examples, dimensions, and standards for transparent knowing of the subject.
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Extra resources for Battery Technology Handbook
Sample text
P. 556 in Ref. 9). Very often the approximation holds true that a temperature increase of 10 K (or 108 C) doubles the reaction rate. In electrochemical reactions, this means that the equivalent currents are doubled, which denotes a quite strong temperature dependence. A temperature increase of 20 K means a current increase by a factor of 4; a rise in temperature of 30 K corresponds to a factor of 8. This relation can be expressed by kðT þ DTÞ ¼ 2ðDT=10Þ kðTÞ ð26Þ with k: reaction rate (mole/sec) which might be expressed as a current; T: temperature in K.
As a consequence, the structure of the electrode will be changed as demonstrated in the upper row of Fig. 5. Connected to the shape change is a further drawback of the high solubility, namely the tendency that during recharging the precipitated material forms dendrites that may penetrate the separator and reach the opposite electrode, thus gradually establishing a short circuit. A typical example of this situation is the zinc electrode, which allows only limited discharge/charge cycles. Zinc electrodes are therefore not used in commercial secondary batteries, with the exception of the rechargeable alkaline zinc manganese dioxide battery (RAM) (6) which is a battery of low initial cost, but also limited cycle life.
7 Wh/100 Ah. 5 mO per 100 Ah of nominal capacity. Copyright © 2003 by Expert Verlag. All Rights Reserved. The center part of Fig. 11 shows how the current is distributed to charging, water decomposition, and discharging. During the initial stage, practically only charging occurs; water decomposition can be neglected on account of the flat current voltage curves for gas generation (cf. Fig. 19). 4 V level, the onset of water decomposition becomes noticeable. The broken horizontal line marks the average voltage during this initial step.
Battery Technology Handbook by H.A. Kiehne
by George
4.2
